The Knowledge Board:
Hypertension
The main risk factors for hypertension are:
• Age
• Alcohol consumption
• Bad diet
• Lack of exercise
• Obesity
Therefore the treatments for high blood pressure are generally lifestyle orientated. People with hypertension should try and eat healthily, exercise more, drink less alcohol and lose weight if they are obese.
There are also medicines you can take to lower blood pressure, such as:
• ACE inhibitors (Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors). These medicines block the actions of some of the hormones that help regulate blood pressure. Blocking the hormones can reduce the amount water in the blood, and therefore blood pressure. Blocking the hormones can also widen the arteries which also eases high blood presure. ACE inhibitors arenot suitable for pregnant women or those with kidney problems. They can also have some side effects. Some examples include Captopril (Capoten), Zofenopril, Enalapril (Vasotec/Renitec), Ramipril (Altace/Tritace/Ramace/Ramiwin), Quinapril (Accupril), Perindopril (Coversyl/Aceon) ,Lisinopril (Lisodur/Lopril/Novatec/Prinivil/Zestril), Benazepril (Lotensin), and Fosinopril (Monopril).
• Calcium channel blockers relax the muscles that make up the walls of your arteries, therefore lowering blood pressure. Some examples of these woudl be Amlodipine (Norvasc), Benidipine (Coniel) ,Felodipine (Plendil ), Manidipine (Madipine) ,Nicardipine (Cardene, Carden SR) , Nifedipine (Procardia, Adalat) ,Nilvadipine (Nivadil) , Nimodipine (Nimotop), Nisoldipine (Sular) , Nitrendipine (Cardif, Nitrepin) , Lacidipine (Motens) and Lercanidipine (Zanidip).
• Thiazide diuretics reduce the amount of water in your blood and widening the walls of your arteries; therefore lowering blood pressure.
• Beta blockers (β-blockers) are only used when other medicines have been tried and haven’t been sucessful. This is because they have more side effect
Acetazolamide (Diamox®)
Furosemide (Lasix®)
Indapamide (Lozol®)
Metolazone (Zaroxolyn®)
Spirnolactone (Aldactone®)
Torsemide (Demadex®)
Triamterene (Dyrenium®)
Atenolol (Tenormin®)
Bisoprolol (Zebeta®)
Carvedilol (Coreg®)
Metoprolol (iLopressor®, Toprol SL®)
Timolol (Blockadren®)
Amlodipine (Norvasc®)
Felodipine (Plendil®)
Idradipine (DynaCirc®)
Nicardipine (Cardene®)
Nisoldipine (Sular®)
Benazepril (Lotensin®)
Captopril (Capoten®)
Enalapril (Vasotec®)
Fosinopril (Monopril®)
Lisinopril (Prinivil®, Zestril®)
Quinapril (Accupril®)
Ramipril (Altace®)
Trandolapril (Mavik®)
Candesartan (Atacand®)
Irbesartin (Avapro®)
Losartin (Cozaar®)
Telmisartin (Micardis®)
Valsartan (Diovan®)
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