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Colorectal cancer, also known as colon cancer or large bowel cancer, is when there are cancer cells growing in either -the colon, rectum or appendix. Colerectal Cancer is the third most common form of cancer, and the second highest cancer-related death after lung in the Western world. In the UK 16,000 per yeardie of Colerectal Cancer, and about 655,000 die per year worldwide.
Many colorectal cancers are thought to develop from adenomatous polyps in the colon, which are usually benign. However these mushroom like growths may sometimes later develop into malignant cells. Diagnosis of a localized cancer is usually determined through a colonoscopy. Treatment is then given in accordance to the stage of the cancer.
Symptoms
The symptoms of early stage colon cancer are usually quite vague. However as the tumour increases in size the symptoms become more noticeable. The most common symptoms are:
Metastatic symptoms are:
The treatment of colorectal cancer depends on the staging of the cancer. If it is caught in its early stages (with little spread) then it can be curable. However if it is detected at later stages, and it has metasised then the likelihood of it being curable it is less likely. Surgery is the prime treatment method usually followed by chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy. However the intensity of the chemothereapy and radiotherapy treatments, are dependent on the individual patient's staging and other medical factors. The survival for Colerectal Cancer depends on the stage of detection . Survival rates for early stage detection is about 5 times greater than that of late stage detected tumours.
Lifestyle & Nutrition
The incidence of colorectal cancer varies from country to country. However research has shown that a diet high in red and processed meat , and having a high calorie intake can increase the risk of colorectal cancer. Maintaining a healthy lifestyle and body weight has been found to decrease the risk of colorectal cancer as much as 60-80%. Until recently however a high intake of dietary fiber from eating fruits, vegetables, cereals, and other high fiber food products has, been thought to reduce the risk of colorectal cancer and adenoma. However The Harvard School of Public Health conducted a large study (88,757 subjects over a 16 year period) on the "Health Effects of Eating Fiber". They found that even though , “fiber appears to reduce the risk of developing various conditions, including heart disease, diabetes, diverticular disease, and constipation,despite what many people may think, fiber probably has little, if any effect on colon cancer risk.” This report was supported by A 2005 meta-analysis study who had similar results.
Colerectal Cancer does not discriminate
Famous people with colorectal cancer are :
Audrey Hepburn , Harold Wilson , Pope John Paul II , Ronald Reagan , Elizabeth Montgomery, American Actress, Charles Schulz, Creator of Peanuts, Lillian Board, British athlete, Malcolm Marshall, Legendary West Indian and Hampshire Cricketer , Achille-Claude Debussy, Famous French composer , Bobby Moore, 1966 England World cup winning captain, Joel Siegel, movie critic and Host of Good Morning America
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