The Knowledge Board:
ADHD
Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a neurobehavioural developmental disorder which affects between 3-5% of children and young adults under 19. It usually develops during childhood, but in the last decade there has been an increase in the number of adults diagnosed with it. Currently there is no medical cure for ADHD, even though it is considered to be a chronic condition. About 60% of children diagnosed with ADHD live with it for their entire life. It appears to be inherited, although one-fifth of all cases are estimated to be caused from trauma or toxic exposure.
Three forms of ADHD are thought to exist, ADHD Primarily Inattentive (previously known as ADD or Attention Deficit Disorder), ADHD-PH/I or ADHD Primarily Hyperactive/Impulsive, and ADHD-C a combination of the two.
Common Symptoms are:
• Distraction ,
• difficulty with concentration and focus,
• forgetfulness
• procrastination,
• problems organizing ideas and belongings,
• tardiness,
• impulsiveness
Hyperactivity is another common symptom amongst children with ADHD but usually disappears when they become adults. However, the symptom of inattentiveness tends to remain with at least half the children diagnosed with ADHD, throughout their lives.
Bipolar Disorder can develop from ADHD, at least 25% of children with ADHD end up suffering from bipolar disorder. Children with this combination may become more aggressive and have more behavior problems than those with ADHD alone. Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, is another illness which is triggered by ADHD. OCD is believed to share a genetic component with ADHD, because of the fixation to certain objects or routine.
The most efficient and cost effective method of treating ADHD is stimulant medication. Over 200 controlled studies have shown that stimulant medication is an effective way to treat ADHD. Methods of treatment usually involve some combination of medications, behaviour modifications, life style changes, and counseling. Parents of children with ADHD are also entitled to a behaviour therapy training called Behavioral Parent Training. Behavior therapy helps parents understand ADHD, and has proven that it has short term benefits. Omega-3 fatty acids, zinc and magnesium also have shown that they may have benefit ADHD symptoms.
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